Temporomandibular Joint Disorder (TMD)

What is TMD?

The temporomandibular joints (TMJ) are vital to the smooth movement of your lower jaw, allowing you to eat, speak, yawn, and smile comfortably. These hinge-like joints connect your lower jawbone (mandible) to the temporal bones on each side of your skull.

However, when these joints aren’t functioning properly, it can lead to discomfort and restricted movement, a condition known as temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD).

What Causes TMD?

TMD can result from various factors, including:

• Arthritis that affects the jaw joint.
• Bruxism (teeth grinding) or clenching, often due to stress.
• Genetics or hereditary factors.
• Injuries or infections near the jaw area.
• Bite misalignment or malocclusion.

Sometimes, the exact cause isn’t clear, but understanding the underlying issue is key to effective treatment.

Symptoms of TMD

TMD can present itself in many ways. Common symptoms include:

• Pain or tenderness in the jaw, face, or neck.
• Difficulty chewing or discomfort while eating.
• Clicking, popping, or grating noises when moving the jaw.
• Jaws that lock open or shut.
• Changes in bite alignment or muscle spasms near the jaw.
• Ear-related issues, such as ringing (tinnitus) or pain.

Diagnosing TMD

If you suspect you have TMD, our team will conduct a comprehensive evaluation, which may include:

• Assessing your TMJ’s range of motion.
• Examining your head, neck, and jaw for tenderness or abnormalities.
• Recommending imaging studies, such as X-rays or MRIs, if needed.

Treatment for TMD

The good news? Many cases of TMD can be effectively managed with non-invasive treatments tailored to your needs. We may recommend:

Self-Care Approaches

• Over-the-counter pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medications.
• Ice packs or moist heat compresses to alleviate pain.
• Behavior changes, like avoiding gum chewing or nail-biting.
• Stress management and relaxation techniques.

Dental and Medical Interventions

• Custom-made mouthguards or splints to reduce the strain from grinding.
• Physical therapy to strengthen and relax the jaw muscles.
• Orthodontic or dental treatments to correct bite misalignment.
• Prescription medications, such as muscle relaxants or corticosteroids.

Advanced Treatments

For severe cases, surgical options may be considered:

• Arthroscopy: A minimally invasive procedure using a small camera to diagnose and repair joint issues.
• Arthroplasty: A more comprehensive surgical approach to repair or replace damaged joint components.